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Предлагаемые 1000 основных слов это тщательно отобранные сложные, однако наиболее часто встречающиеся в повседневном общении в деловых и академических кругах слова. Эти слова также с большой долей вероятности встретятся Вам во время сдачи экзаменов, таких, как TOEFL, IELTS, SAT, ACT и GRE
| abandon,desert |
| abiding,continuing |
| abolish,eliminate |
| abort,quit |
| abrupt,sudden |
| abruptly,suddenly |
| absorb,take in |
| abstract,take out |
| abundance,profusion, plenty |
| abundant,plentiful |
| accessible,available, reachable |
| accommodate,adjust to, adapt / make room for, lodge, hold |
| accomplish,achieve |
| accord,grant |
| according to,depending on grant to |
| accordingly,consequently, as a result / |
| account for,explain, describe / make up, comprise |
| accumulate,build up , deposit , collect |
| accurately,correctly |
| accustomed,usual,customary, habitual |
| acquire,gain, obtain |
| acquisition,purchase, gaining |
| activity,capacity |
| actually,in fact, really, practically, virtually |
| adapt,adjust |
| adaptability,ability to change |
| additive,cumulating more more |
| address,speech, speak to / approach, deal with |
| adhere,stick |
| adjacent to,nearby, next to, close to |
| administered,given |
| admit,let in |
| adroit,skillful |
| advancement,progress |
| advent,arrival, introduction |
| adversary,enemy, opponent (sary) |
| adverse,negative, unfavorable |
| advisor,consultant |
| affection,liking, fondness |
| affiliation,association, membership |
| affluence,wealth |
| agents,representatives |
| aggravate,bother, tease |
| agile,quick and active |
| agriculture,farming |
| aid,help, assistance |
| alarming,upsetting, startling, shocking |
| alight,land |
| alleviate,assuage |
| allocate,provide, designate, distribute |
| at once,immediately |
| at the expense of,to the disadvantage of |
| at the same time,simultaneously |
| atmosphere,air |
| attain,accomplish, achieve, reach |
| attest,to confirm |
| attribute,ascribe |
| attribute,characteristic, trait, nature, property |
| authentic,genuine<=> artificial, imaginary, fictitious |
| authenticated,verified |
| available,obtainable / useful |
| avenue,means, way |
| avid,eager, enthusiastic |
| avoid,stay away from |
| backbone s,pine, foundation |
| bare,uncovered |
| barely,scarcely |
| barge,ship |
| barren,empty, unproductive, arid |
| barrier,obstacle |
| barter,trade, exchange |
| be at odds with,disagree with |
| be considered (as),be thought of (as) |
| be marked (by),be characterized (by) |
| beckoning,inviting |
| believed,be convinced |
| best fit best suited,most appropriate |
| bestow,give, grant, confer, endow |
| bias,prejudice |
| block,prevent, confine, box |
| blot out,cover, dim |
| boldly,bravely, daringly |
| bonds,ties, links |
| boom,expansion/ flourish, prosper, thrive < >slump, depression |
| boost,raise, elevate |
| boundary,border |
| bounds,limits |
| bountiful,plentiful, abundant, profuse |
| brace,support |
| break,rest period |
| break with,separate from |
| breakdown,collapse, decomposition |
| breakthrough,advance |
| breed,reproduce, raise, bring up |
| bridle,harness, halter |
| brisk,active, fast, energetic |
| broaden,enlarge |
| budding,emerging |
| budget,estimate |
| bulk,great quantity, majority |
| allow,let in |
| allure,appeal |
| alter,modify, change |
| alteration,change, modification |
| alternative,substitute, option |
| although,but, whereas |
| altitude,height, elevation |
| altogether,in total |
| ambivalent,unsure, undecided, hesitant |
| amenities,facilities/ pleasant situation |
| amiable,friendly |
| ample,plentiful, sizable, vast, profuse, abundant |
| amplify,increase, enlarge |
| an array of,a group of a host of |
| analogous,comparable, similar to |
| anchor,hold in place |
| ancient,old outdated |
| anonymous,unknown, unsigned, nameless |
| antecedent,predecessor, ancestor |
| anticipate,expect |
| anticipated,foreseen |
| apart from,except for |
| apparatus,device |
| apparent,clear, obvious, evident |
| appeared,came into view |
| appreciably,noticeably |
| approach,move toward, come together |
| apt,suitable, appropriate |
| arbitrarily,randomly, without order |
| archaic,old fashioned, ancient |
| archive,record |
| ardent,enthusiastic, fervent, passionate |
| area,tract, expanse |
| arid,dry, barren |
| arose,originate |
| arouse,stimulate |
| array,collection, display, range |
| artifact,object |
| artisan,handcraft, craftsman |
| as a case,in point for example |
| as well,in addition |
| assault,attack, raid |
| assemble,bring together, put together, gather |
| assert,declare, maintain |
| assigned,specified |
| associate,connect, relate |
| assume,take on / think |
| astute,clever |
| asymmetric,unequal |
| at hand,available, convenient |
| burden,load, cargo, freight 화물, 짐/ responsibility |
| bustling,active |
| by and large,in general |
| calculate,determine, compute |
| call for,require, demand |
| camouflage,hide, conceal |
| capacity,ability |
| capitalize on,take advantage of |
| caption,title, subtitle |
| capture,catch, seize |
| cargo,load, freight |
| carry,transmit, transport, convey |
| carry on,continue to operate |
| catastrophic,disastrous, extreme |
| cautious,careful, prudent, heedful, discreet |
| cede,yield, give way |
| celebrated,famous, renowned |
| certain,particular, specific |
| certainly,surely |
| challenge,difficulties |
| chaotic,disorganized, messy |
| characteristics,elements, traits, properties, attributes |
| charting,mapping |
| cherished,valued, prized |
| chief,principal, leading |
| chisel,carve |
| choice,optional |
| chronicle,account |
| clarify,elucidate |
| classic,typical |
| classify,categorize, group |
| cling to,stick to, hold tightly |
| close,intimate (relationship)/ careful (examination) |
| clout,influence |
| clumsy,awkward, cumbersome |
| cluster,group, gather |
| coarse,crude, rough |
| coated,covered |
| codified,classified |
| cognitive,mental |
| cohesion,unity |
| cohesive,adhesive |
| coincidence,occurrence at the same time |
| collaborate,joint efforts, group effort |
| collect,gather, accumulate |
| collectively,together |
| colonize,inhabit |
| colossal,huge, enormous, immense |
| commemorate,celebrate |
| comparable,similar, equivalent |
| comparably,relatively |
| compel,oblige, force, urge |
| complacency,satisfaction / lack of concern |
| complement,supplement |
| complex,group of buildings |
| component,constituent, element, ingredient, part |
| composition,makeup |
| comprehensive,complete, inclusive |
| comprise,consist of, make up , contain |
| compulsive,required |
| compulsory,obligatory, requisite |
| concentrate on,focus on |
| conclusively,decisively |
| concomitant,concurrent |
| concrete,<>abstract |
| configuration,valued, prized |
| confine,limit |
| congenial,favorable, agreeable |
| consecutive,successive |
| consequence,result , effect / importance |
| consequently,as a result |
| considerable,great, substantial, significant |
| considered,regarded /thought to be |
| consistent,regular |
| constant,steady, continuous |
| constrained,restricted |
| restrict,limit / contract |
| construe,interpret |
| consume,use up, eat |
| contemporary,current / modern |
| contention,debate, conflict |
| contrive,invent |
| controversial,disagreeable |
| converge,meet, come together |
| conversely,on the other hand, inversely, |
| convert,change, transform |
| convey,transport |
| cope with,deal with / compensate for, make up for |
| core,center, nucleus |
| costly,expensive <> reasonable, affordable, |
| counter to,opposite |
| counterpart,equivalent |
| covet,desire |
| creative,inventive, original |
| crest,peak, summit |
| crevice,split |
| critical,important, crucial, decisive/ faultfinding |
| crude,simple, primitive |
| cultivator,farmer |
| cumulate,build up, accumulate |
| curious,inquisitive |
| curiously,oddly, surprisingly |
| cycle,sequence |
| daub,coat, cover |
| debris,fragment, splinter |
| decay,decompose |
| deceptive,fraudulent, misleading |
| decisive,definitive |
| decline,refuse, reject / decrease |
| dedicated,devoted |
| deem,consider, regard |
| definite,exact, explicit |
| degree,extent, measure |
| deliberate,intentional / careful |
| delineate,outline , trace |
| demands,requirements |
| demise,death, end, decline |
| denote,signify |
| dense,thick |
| density,concentration |
| dependant,reliable |
| depict,represent, portray |
| depleted,used up, devoid, exhausted |
| deploy,set up |
| deposited,laid down, placed |
| derive,originate / obtain |
| derived,resulting |
| descent,decline / ancestry |
| desert,abandon |
| designed,intended |
| desperate,hopeless |
| detach,separate |
| deteriorate,wear out |
| determine,decide, calculate |
| detest,strongly dislike, abhor |
| detrimental,harmful, damaging |
| devoid (of),empty, free (of), lacking |
| devote to,concentrate on |
| devouring,eating greedily |
| dichotomy,division |
| dilate,expand<=>contractshrink |
| dilute,reduce, thin, weaken <=>concentrate, strengthen |
| dim,faint, ambiguous |
| diminutive,small, tiny |
| disaster,calamity, catastrophe |
| discard,throw away, get rid of |
| discern,concern |
| discernible,observable |
| discharge,release |
| disclose,reveal |
| discrepancy,difference |
| discrete,distinct , separate |
| discriminate,distinguish |
| disparate,different |
| disperse,scatter, spread out, diffuse |
| display,show, exhibit |
| dispose,array, arrange |
| disrupt,interfere with, interrupt |
| disrupt,upset |
| disseminate,spread, disperse |
| dissimilar,different |
| distinct,definite / separate |
| distinctive,unique |
| distinction,difference/ characteristic/ honor |
| distribute,supply, circulate, spread |
| diversity,variety |
| doctrine,philosophy, tenet, principle |
| documented,recorded |
| domain,region, territory |
| dominant,leading, prevailing |
| dominated,prevalent |
| dormant,inactive, hibernating |
| drastic,extreme, radical, severe |
| drawback,disadvantage |
| draw,pull, attract |
| drive,effort / motivate/ force |
| drought,dry period, lack of moisture |
| duration,span, length |
| durable,long lasting |
| duplicate,copy, imitate/ identical |
| dwarf,<=>giant |
| dwindle,decrease, diminish |
| dye,pigment |
| eager,enthusiastic, avid |
| earthly,mundane |
| ease,reduce |
| easily,readily |
| echo,repeat, reverberate |
| edge,margin, rim, periphery |
| editions,versions |
| elaborate,complicated, complex, detailed |
| elaborate,detail |
| element,part, factor |
| elicit,bring out |
| eliminate,remove |
| elucidate,clarify |
| elude,escape, avoid, exit |
| embed,encase, enclose, implant |
| embody,personify, incorporate |
| emerge,appear, come out, arise |
| eminence,fame |
| exhale,release, exhale, give off, discharge |
| emphasize,stress, underscore |
| employ,use, adopt |
| enable,permit, allow |
| enact,pass |
| enclose,surround |
| encompass,include, surround |
| encourage,motivate, promote |
| encroach,invade, intrude |
| encroachment,erosion |
| endangered,threatened, imperiled |
| endeavor,strive, try, struggle |
| endorse,support, champion, advocate, approve |
| endow,grant, bestow, confer, donate, give |
| end,goal, objective, cause |
| engage,hire/ involve |
| engaged,occupied, involved, busy |
| engrossed,occupied, engaged |
| enhance,improve, strengthen, elevate |
| enlarge,expand |
| enormous,huge, vast, tremendous, immense |
| ensue,follow |
| entail,require, involve |
| enterprise,undertaking |
| entice,allure, attract |
| entire,whole, complete |
| environment,ecosystem, setting, locality |
| equip,furnish |
| equitable,fair, just |
| era,period, age |
| eradicate,eliminate, root up, destroy |
| erect,build, construct, throw up |
| erode,diminish, wear away gradually |
| erratic,irregular |
| erupt,explode, break out |
| escalate,increase, expand |
| especially,notably, specifically |
| essential,crucial, vital, important/ fundamental, basic |
| establish,institute, organize, found, set up |
| established,qualified, |
| estimate,calculate, predict/ assess, judge |
| etch,engrave |
| even,unchanged, constant, equal |
| eventually,ultimately, finally |
| evident,apparent, clear, obvious, manifest |
| evoke,stimulate |
| exacerbate,worsen, intensify |
| examine,inspect, investigate |
| excavate,uncover, dig, unearth |
| exceed,go beyond, surpass, excel |
| exceedingly,extremely |
| exceptional,unusual |
| excluding,other than, except |
| execute,perform, do |
| exercise,use, do |
| exhausted,tired, depleted |
| exhibit,show, feature, display |
| exotic,unusual |
| expanse,area |
| expend,use, spend, consume |
| expertise,skill |
| explicit,clear, obvious, overt, manifest |
| exploit,use, utilize / accomplishment |
| express,record |
| expressly,specially, definitely |
| extend,back reach back |
| extensive,far-reaching, large, wide |
| extensively,drastically |
| extent,degree, scope |
| extinct,die out, outdated |
| extol,praise |
| extract,derive, draw, abstract |
| extracted (from),removed (from) |
| extraneous,inessential, irrelevant |
| extreme,great/ severe, drastic |
| facet,aspect, phase |
| facilitate,make easier, aid, assist |
| fade,away disappear, diminish |
| faint,dim, feeble |
| fairly,decidedly/ somewhat |
| faith,pride, belief |
| far-reaching,broad, extensive |
| fascinate,greatly interest |
| fashionable,popular |
| fast,go without eating |
| favor,approval |
| feasible,practicable, possible |
| feature,characteristic |
| feeble,weak |
| fervent,passionate, ardent |
| figure,shape, sculpture, statue, number |
| finance,pay for |
| fine,thin, tiny, minute, delicate |
| fit,adjust , suit |
| fix,repair/ attach |
| flair,talent |
| flake,fragment |
| flavor,taste |
| flawless,unblemished, perfect |
| flight,escape |
| float,drift along, hover |
| flood,inundation, deluge |
| flourish,prosper, thrive, succeed |
| fluctuate,move up and down, vary |
| focus on,concentrate on |
| foliage,leaves/ vegetation plants |
| for its own sake,for selfish reasons |
| forage,feed, search for food |
| foremost,leading, chief, most respected |
| forestall,prevent |
| forge,create replacement |
| formidable,dreadful, great |
| forsake,abandon, leave |
| fortify,strengthen, reinforce |
| foster,promote, bring up |
| founder,fail, sink |
| fractious,oppressive |
| fragmentary,incomplete |
| fragrant,aromatic, scented |
| frigid,very cold, freezing |
| frivolous,trivial |
| fuel,encourage, boost |
| fulfill,accomplish, satisfy, meet, suit |
| function,purpose, ceremonial event |
| fundamental,basic, underlying, radical/ essential |
| furcated,split, divided, separated |
| furthermore,in addition, additionally |
| fusion,union |
| gainful,lucrative, profitable |
| gap,difference |
| gather,collect |
| gauge,measure, judge, assess |
| generate,produce |
| genuinely,truly, actually |
| given (at any given time),particular, specified |
| given over,to used for / dedicated |
| glossy,shiny |
| glue,stick |
| golden age,at its peak, heyday |
| gorgeous,magnificent, wonderful |
| govern,regulate, control, manage |
| gradual,slow, steady |
| grapple,struggle |
| grasp,seize / understand |
| greenhand,untrained worker, apprentice |
| ground,reason / land, soil |
| guarded,protected |
| guess,conjecture |
| guide,direct, instruct |
| habitat,environment, dwelling, home, habitation |
| halt,stop |
| hamper,hinder, impede, obstruct |
| hamstrung,inefficient |
| harness,utilize, use |
| harsh,severe, strict |
| haul,carry, pull, tug |
| hazardous,dangerous, risky |
| heartened,encouraged |
| heed,attention, notice, care |
| height,peak, pinnacle, summit |
| heighten,elevate, increase |
| hence,consequently, therefore |
| henceforth from,now on, from then on |
| heterogeneous,different/ various |
| hiatus,interruption |
| hide,camouflage |
| highlight,emphasize |
| highly,vulnerable easily damaged |
| hinder,interfere with, tamper with |
| hold,contain |
| hollow,empty, vacant |
| hone,improve |
| (a) host of,a group of a large number of |
| house,place |
| hub,center, central point |
| huge,mammoth, tremendous, enormous, immense |
| hustle,hurry, hasten, rush |
| hybrid,combination, mixed breed |
| hypothesis,theory |
| identical,same, indistinguishable |
| ignite,set fire, kindle |
| illuminate,clarify |
| illusion,impression |
| imaginable,conceivable, possible, feasible |
| imaginative,creative |
| imbibe,soak, absorb |
| immense,enormous, tremendous, numerous |
| immutable,unchangeable |
| impact,influence |
| impair,damage |
| impede,interrupt, prevent, hamper |
| impediment,obstacle |
| implement,tool/ execute, perform |
| imposing,substantial, enormous |
| impound,contain |
| improvised,unplanned, spontaneous |
| in charge of,responsible for |
| in effect,virtually, essentially |
| in fact,actually, virtually, indeed |
| in keeping with,in consistent with |
| in opposition to,counter to |
| in proximity to,close to, near |
| in spite of,regardless of |
| in the course of,during |
| in time,early, eventually |
| inauspicious unfavorable,unceasing, constant, continuous |
| incessant,continuous |
| incidental,minor |
| incipient,initial |
| incise,cut, carve |
| incisive,acute, keen, sharp |
| inclination,tendency, preference |
| incognizant,unaware |
| incoherent,disconnected, disjointed, |
| incompletely,partially |
| inconsequential,unimportant, trivial |
| incorporate,include, contain/ integrate, combine |
| incredible,unbelievable, remarkable |
| indicate,show/ suggest, imply |
| indifferent,uninterested, apathetic |
| indigenous,native |
| indispensable,essential, requisite, necessary |
| individual,distinct, characteristic |
| induce,generate/ persuade |
| inept,incompetent |
| inert,motionless <=> active |
| inevitable,unavoidable, certain, without exception |
| infectious,contagious |
| infinite,limitless, unlimited |
| inflame,anger, agitate, arouse |
| inflated,expanded |
| influential,important, powerful |
| infrastructure,foundation |
| infrequent,sporadic, intermittent, occasional |
| ingenious,clever, innovative |
| ingenuity,inventiveness |
| inhabit,live in, dwell in |
| inherent,inborn, innate, intrinsic, congenital |
| inhibit,restrict, hinder |
| inimical,unfriendly, hostile |
| initiate,start, begin, commence |
| innocuous,harmless |
| innovation,change |
| innumerable,countless, numberless, myriad |
| inroadincursion,invasion |
| inspect,examine |
| inspired,motivated |
| intact,unchanged, unbroken, whole, complete |
| integral,essential, whole, entire |
| integrate,unify |
| intensify,strengthen |
| intent on,willing to |
| intention,purpose/ willingness |
| intricate,complex, complicated |
| intrigue,fascinate |
| invaluable,precious, priceless |
| invariably,always, without exception |
| invent,devise, create |
| irreparable,irremediable, permanent |
| irreversible,permanent |
| issue,question, matter |
| jeopardize,endanger, threaten |
| join,connect / meet |
| judicious,wise, discreet, sensible |
| keen,sharp /intelligent |
| key,substantial, very significant |
| kin,relatives |
| lacking,without, missing |
| lading,cargo |
| landslide,victory |
| launch,set afloat/ start, begin |
| leading,dominant, main |
| legitimacy,authority |
| levy,impose, tax, draft |
| lexicon,dictionary, vocabulary |
| likewise,similarly |
| limit,restrict, confine |
| link,connect |
| locality,place, site |
| look,gaze, stare, peer |
| loom,emerge |
| luxuriant,thriving |
| magnificent,superb |
| mainly,generally |
| maintain,sustain |
| make sense,be logical to |
| make up,constitute, compose, invent |
| mammoth,huge, gigantic, massive |
| manifest,obvious, apparent |
| manipulate,manage, handle |
| mark,indicate, notice |
| material,physical |
| meager,scarce, lacking, short |
| mean,signify / average |
| means,method, way |
| merely,simply, only |
| metamorphose,change, transform |
| meticulous,careful |
| migrate,travel, emigrate, immigrate |
| minimize,reduce, decrease |
| minute,small, tiny, miniscule |
| modification,alteration, change |
| monitor,observe, check, investigate |
| monotonous,boring, unvarying, tedious |
| mounting,increasing |
| multiplicity,variety |
| mutation,change |
| myriad,numerous, innumerable, many |
| naked (eye),bare, unassisted, unaided |
| nature,characteristic, trait, property |
| needless to say,obviously |
| notable,remarkable, important, distinguished |
| notion,idea, general idea, opinion, conception |
| novelty,rarity, originality, innovation |
| object,goal, aim, objective |
| oblige,require, compel |
| obliterate,erase |
| obscure,uncertain, unclear, dim, conceal |
| obsolete,outdated, archaic, out of use |
| obstacle,impediment, barrier |
| of high priority,very important |
| offset,counterbalance, equal |
| ominous,threatening, warning |
| on hand,available |
| on the contrary,conversely, however |
| on the spot,instantly |
| ongoing,continuous, developing |
| onset,outset, beginning, inception, start |
| ooze,move slowly, exude, flow |
| operate,function, work, perform |
| ordinary,routine, customary |
| ornamental,decorative |
| out of question,impossible |
| outdo,outstrip, surpass, excel |
| outstanding,remarkable / unpaid |
| outweigh,become important than |
| overcome,defeat, surmount |
| overwhelming,great |
| owing to,because of, due to |
| pace,speed |
| palliate,alleviate, mitigate |
| paradox,contradiction |
| parcel out,distribute |
| pare away,remove |
| parity,equality, equivalence |
| parody,mimicry, imitation |
| particular,specific, given |
| partially,incompletely |
| pastime,entertainment, diversion |
| patron,customer |
| peak,height, mountaintop, pinnacle, summit |
| peculiar,specific,special,distinctive/ strange,unusual |
| penetrate,pierce, enter |
| perceptibly,noticeably, appreciably |
| perception,insight |
| perceptive,discerning, keen |
| perennial,persistent, year-round |
| period,era |
| periodicallyat,intervals,regularly / from time to time,occasionally |
| periphery,edge |
| perish,disappear, spoil |
| perishable,easy to spoil |
| permanent,lasting, fixed |
| persist,continue, endure/ remain, last |
| persistent,continuous, persisting |
| perspective,viewpoint, prospect |
| pertain to,relate to |
| pervade,penetrate, spread |
| pervasive,widespread |
| phase,state, period, facet, stage |
| phenomenal,extraordinary |
| pioneer,initiate, take the lead |
| plausible,believable, feasible, probable |
| pledge,promise |
| plumage,feather |
| ponder,consider, think about |
| pore,hole, space |
| portion,part, segment, constituent |
| postulate,claim/ suggest |
| potent,strong, powerful, influential |
| potential,possible, promised, possibility |
| pound,beat |
| practice,use, custom usage |
| precede,come before |
| precious,valuable, valued |
| precise,accurate, exact |
| preclude,prevent |
| predator,hazardous animal |
| predominantly,primarily, chiefly |
| pregnant,bearing a baby, significant |
| premise,assumption |
| preoccupation,fascination, concern, involvement |
| preparing,readying |
| preserve,maintain, sustain |
| prestige,status, honor |
| presumably,probably, possible, supposedly, maybe, perhaps |
| prevail,triumph, win, dominate |
| primitive,prehistoric, early |
| principally,chiefly, mainly |
| prior,previous, before, past |
| procure,obtain |
| professional,specialized |
| proficient,expert, skillful |
| profound,deep/ intense |
| profuse,abundant, plentiful, lavish, copious, affluent |
| programmed,planned |
| prohibit,ban, inhibit |
| prohibitively,extremely |
| proliferate,increase in numbers, multiply, expand, spread |
| prolonged,extended, lengthy |
| prominent,remarkable, outstanding, distinguished, famous 탁월한, 유명한 |
| promise,potential |
| promote,further |
| pronounced,marked, distinct, significant, obvious/ decided |
| propel,drive forward, push, force out |
| proper,suitable, appropriate |
| property,characteristic, quality, attribute, trait, nature |
| proponent,supporter, advocate |
| proprietor,owner |
| prosper,thrive, flourish, succeed |
| protrude,stick out, extend |
| provided,if |
| provisional,temporary |
| provisions,preparations/ supplies/ articles |
| proximity,nearness, closeness |
| punctuality,promptness |
| purify,cleanse, clear, refine |
| purpose,intent, aim, goal / function |
| puzzle over,wonder about |
| questionable,doubtful, uncertain |
| radical,fundamental, basic/ extreme, drastic |
| ramification,consequence, outgrowth |
| random,unsystematic, arbitrary |
| range,vary |
| rare,scarce, unusual, infrequent |
| rate,speed |
| rather than,instead of, excluding |
| raw,unprocessed, uncooked |
| readily,easily/ immediately/ willingly |
| realm,area, region, domain |
| reap,obtain, gain |
| recast,transform, remodel |
| recognition,awareness |
| recorded,documented |
| recruiting,obtaining, restoring |
| recur,reappear, return |
| redress,make amends |
| redundancy,extra capacity |
| refine,improve |
| refract,distort, alter, bend |
| refrain,from cease |
| reinforce,strengthen |
| relatively,comparatively |
| release,discharge, emit, set free |
| relevant,related, appropriate, applicable |
| reluctant x,depend on |
| rely on,depend on |
| remarkable,incredible, noticeable, prominent, striking |
| reminisce,recall, remember |
| render,provide, give / make/ represent |
| renounce,give up, reject |
| repel,drive away, repulse, ward off |
| replenish,restore, put back |
| represent,mean, symbol, portray |
| reportedly,supposedly |
| representative,typical example |
| reproduce,copy, duplicate, breed |
| reputation,fame, renown, refute |
| reserved,saved, restricted |
| residue,remains |
| respond,react |
| restrict,limit |
| retain,keep |
| retrospect,looking back |
| reverence,respect |
| revolutionize,dramatically (completely) change |
| rigid,hard, still |
| rigorous,strict, demanding, harsh, precise |
| ripe,favorable, mature |
| rooted,in based on, originated from |
| roster,list, register |
| rot,decay, spoil |
| rough,coarse / approximate |
| rudimentary,basic |
| runoff,water |
| sacred,holy, religious |
| sanction,approval |
| sanguine,optimistic, healthy |
| sink,drop to the bottom, submerge |
| scale,extent |
| scan,examine |
| scant,little, minimize |
| scarce,short in supply, rare, limited |
| scatter,disperse, spread out, distribute |
| scrap,fracture, fragment |
| scrupulous,careful, cautious/ honest |
| scrutiny,examination |
| secure,obtain, gain |
| sediment,residue, remains |
| seek,search for, look for/ try, endeavor |
| seize,take |
| selected,peculiar, chose, SPECIAL DELIVERY |
| self-sufficient,independent |
| seminal,influential, viable |
| sequence,series , succession, progression |
| set in motion,start, initiate |
| settle down,become orderly |
| sever,cut off, separate, cleave |
| share,portion |
| sheltered,protected |
| shift,change, move |
| shortcoming,disadvantage, difficulty, defect, drawback |
| shortly,soon |
| shred,tear apart |
| shrink,contract, become smaller, tighten |
| signal,indicate |
| significant,important, substantial, remarkable, serious |
| simultaneously,at the same time |
| sites,places, locations |
| sizable,large, great |
| slender,thin |
| slight,minor |
| smell,scent, odor, fragrance, aroma |
| snatch,grasp, seize |
| sole,only, solitary, lone |
| sophisticated,complex / highly developed |
| solidify,strengthen, harden, |
| sort,type, kind |
| spanduration,period |
| spawn,lay eggs/ generate |
| speck,particle, dot |
| spectrum,range, scope |
| speculate,suppose, hypothesize / gamble |
| speculative,unproven |
| split,divide |
| sporadic,infrequent, occasional, intermittent, irregular |
| spring up,suddenly arise |
| spur,stimulate |
| stage,hold |
| staggering,overwhelming, astonishing |
| stamina,endurance, vigor, energy |
| stand for,symbolize, represent |
| standstill,complete stop |
| staple,basic item, basic food |
| startle,surprise |
| stationary,not moving, fixed, immobile |
| stem from,grow out of, arise from, derive from, originate from |
| stick to,cling to, adhere to |
| stimulus,impetus |
| straightforward,clear, candid |
| stress,emphasize, accent |
| strictly,only, precisely |
| striking,remarkable, hitting, impressive |
| string,series |
| sturdy,strong |
| stylus,pencil |
| subdue,reduce |
| subjective,personal |
| submerged,underwater |
| subsequently,later, afterwards |
| subservient,to less power than |
| subsidize,assist , finance |
| subsist,endure, survive |
| subsistence,survival |
| substantial,considerable, large, significant |
| substitute for,replace, exchange |
| subterranean,underground |
| succession,series |
| suggestion,implication |
| suitable,appropriate, proper |
| sink,descend, fall slowly |
| superb,outstanding |
| superficial,shallow, unimportant |
| support,maintain, uphold |
| surge (suddenly),increase |
| surmise,guess, speculate |
| surplus,extra, remainder |
| surprisestartle,astonish |
| susceptible,vulnerable, prone, apt |
| suspect,believe |
| suspend,hang |
| sustain,maintain, support |
| sustainable,continuing, durable, enduring |
| sweat,perspiration |
| swell,expand |
| symmetrical,balanced |
| synthesis,union, combination, unity, fusion |
| systematic,methodical, organized |
| tailor,adopt, adjust |
| tangible,material, physical, touchable/ important |
| task,duty, project |
| tend to,be likely to, be prone to |
| tendency,inclination |
| tending,caring for |
| tenet,creed, principle, doctrine |
| terrestrial,earthly, land |
| territory,land, region, tract |
| testify,give evidence to |
| thoroughly,completely |
| tilted,inclined, lopsided |
| timid,shy |
| to date,currently available |
| token,symbol |
| toothed,uneven |
| track,observe, follow |
| trade,barter, exchange |
| traditional,conventional, customary |
| train (a telescope),aim (a telescope) |
| tranquil,peaceful, serene |
| transformation,change, transition, conversion |
| transition,move, change |
| transitory,momentary, temporary |
| transmit,communicate, convey, send |
| transparent,clear |
| transport,carry, convey |
| tremendous,huge, enormous, great |
| trigger,set off, bring out, stimulate, cause |
| trivial,unimportant, insignificant |
| tumultuous,chaotic |
| turbulent,violent, agitated |
| ultimately,eventually, in the final analysis, finally, in the end |
| unbearably,intolerably |
| unbridled,unrestrained, unrestricted |
| uncanny,extraordinary |
| unconventional,unsystematic |
| unconvincing,not sure, dubious |
| underpinning,foundation, basis |
| understood,considered |
| unencumbered,free of |
| uniform,consistent, without variation, even |
| unique,distinct, particular, original |
| unison,harmony |
| unquestionable,definite |
| unwittingly,unintentionally |
| upset,disturb, tip, reverse |
| urge,encouragement |
| utilize,employ, exploit, use |
| vagary,uncertainty |
| vanish,disappear |
| variety,diversity |
| versatile,many-talented, all-around, adaptable, resourceful |
| vestige,remnant, trace |
| viscous,thick, sticky |
| voracious,insatiable |
| worn out,deteriorated |
| withstand,resist, endure, oppose |
| wield,use |
| zealous,enthusiastic, eager |
| abort,terminate a pregnancy by undergoing an abortion |